After dealing with the times for reciting the Shema (1:1-2) and the physical position for its recitation (1:3), the present mishnah now discusses its liturgical context. The Shema is not recited alone, but “sandwiched” between the blessings “before it” and the the blessings “after it.” [In some rites there is a third blessing on weekdays, Barukh Hashem le-Olam (“Blessed is G-d forever…”). This blessing was instituted in the post-Talmudic era, though, and hence is not mentioned in our mishnah.]
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| - After dealing with the times for reciting the Shema (1:1-2) and the physical position for its recitation (1:3), the present mishnah now discusses its liturgical context. The Shema is not recited alone, but “sandwiched” between the blessings “before it” and the the blessings “after it.” [In some rites there is a third blessing on weekdays, Barukh Hashem le-Olam (“Blessed is G-d forever…”). This blessing was instituted in the post-Talmudic era, though, and hence is not mentioned in our mishnah.]
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| - After dealing with the times for reciting the Shema (1:1-2) and the physical position for its recitation (1:3), the present mishnah now discusses its liturgical context. The Shema is not recited alone, but “sandwiched” between the blessings “before it” and the the blessings “after it.” The two blessings before Shema in the morning are Yozer ha-Me’orot (about light and the coming of day) and Ahavah (about God’s love for Israel, especially as expressed in His gift of the Torah). The blessing of love is called either Ahavah Rabbah (“great love”) or Ahavat Olam (“everlasting love”) in the different traditions. The blessing after Shema in the morning is Ge’ulah (redemption), beginning with the words Emet ve-Yaziv. The two blessings before Shema in the evening parallel those of the morning. They are: Ha-Ma`ariv Aravim (about the coming of night) and Ahavat Olam (about God’s love for Israel, as above). In the evening, the two blessings after Shema are Emet ve-Emunah (about God’s redemption of Israel from her enemies, paralleling the morning blessing) and Hashkivenu (“let us lie down in peace…”). The last blessing (the second one after Shema) has no corresponding morning blessing. [In some rites there is a third blessing on weekdays, Barukh Hashem le-Olam (“Blessed is G-d forever…”). This blessing was instituted in the post-Talmudic era, though, and hence is not mentioned in our mishnah.] According to the Jerusalem Talmud, Shema is “sandwiched” between four blessings in the evening and three in the morning, for a total of seven each day, so that it will correspond to the verse: “I praise You seven times each day for Your just laws” (Psalms 119:164). The seven praises mentioned in the verse are the seven blessings of the Shema, and the “just laws” are those refered to in the Shema itself.
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