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| - Abraham Miguel Cardozo (also Cardoso) (c. 1630–1706) was a Shabbethaian prophet and physician born in Spain. A descendant of the Marranos in the Portuguese city of Celorico, he studied medicine together with his brother Fernando Isaac, and while the latter was given to his studies, Michael spent his time in singing serenades under ladies' balconies. After having completed his education, he left Spain for Venice. There, probably at the instigation of his brother, he embraced Judaism and received the name "Abraham." Later he established himself as a physician at Leghorn, but did not meet with much success until his recommendation by the duke of Tuscany to Othman, the bey of Tripoli.
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abstract
| - Abraham Miguel Cardozo (also Cardoso) (c. 1630–1706) was a Shabbethaian prophet and physician born in Spain. A descendant of the Marranos in the Portuguese city of Celorico, he studied medicine together with his brother Fernando Isaac, and while the latter was given to his studies, Michael spent his time in singing serenades under ladies' balconies. After having completed his education, he left Spain for Venice. There, probably at the instigation of his brother, he embraced Judaism and received the name "Abraham." Later he established himself as a physician at Leghorn, but did not meet with much success until his recommendation by the duke of Tuscany to Othman, the bey of Tripoli. Becoming thereafter fairly prosperous, Cardoso married two wives, and began to devote himself to kabbalistic speculations, in which he appears to have been previously initiated at Leghorn by Moses Pinheiro. With the appearance of the Shabbethaian movement, he assumed the character of a prophet, pretending to have had dreams and visions, and sent circulars in all directions to support the Messianic claim of Shabbethai. Cardoso's pretended or actual belief in the Messiah was not renounced even when Zevi embraced Islam; he justified the latter on the plea that it was necessary for him to be counted among the sinners, in order that he might atone for Israel's sins, according to Isaiah liii. (in every point applicable to Shabbatai Zevi).Later Cardoso, no longer satisfied with being only a prophet, gave himself out as "Messiah ben Ephraim," asserting that the Messiah is he who teaches the true conception of God. This conception Cardoso expounded in nearly all his writings: that the true God is not the "En-Sof," but the "Keter 'Elyon", the first being a passive power which has no connection with the world.
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