An ecclesiastical new moon is the first day of a schematic lunar month in a computus. Such months have a variable number of whole days, 29 or 30, whereas true synodic months can vary from about 29.27 to 29.83 days in length. Medieval authors equated the ecclesiastical new moon with a new crescent moon, but it is not a phase of the true moon. If its computus is accurate, it can be any day from the day of the astronomical new moon or dark moon to two days later. It itself is only a minor part of a computus—the critical day is thirteen days later, specifically, the fourteenth day of the schematic lunar month which occurs on or next after March 21. This fourteenth day was loosely called the Paschal full moon by medieval computists. Easter is the following Sunday.
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| - An ecclesiastical new moon is the first day of a schematic lunar month in a computus. Such months have a variable number of whole days, 29 or 30, whereas true synodic months can vary from about 29.27 to 29.83 days in length. Medieval authors equated the ecclesiastical new moon with a new crescent moon, but it is not a phase of the true moon. If its computus is accurate, it can be any day from the day of the astronomical new moon or dark moon to two days later. It itself is only a minor part of a computus—the critical day is thirteen days later, specifically, the fourteenth day of the schematic lunar month which occurs on or next after March 21. This fourteenth day was loosely called the Paschal full moon by medieval computists. Easter is the following Sunday.
- The fourteenth day of an ecclesiastical lunar month is the ecclesiastical full moon. The date of the ecclesiastical full moon is obtained by adding 13 days to the date of the preceding ecclesiastical new moon. Calendar pages in medieval liturgical books indicated the ecclesiastical new moons by writing the Golden number to the left of the day of the month on which the ecclesiastical new moon would occur in the year of that Golden number. In some places the age of the moon was announced daily in the office of Prime at the reading of the martyrology.
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| - An ecclesiastical new moon is the first day of a schematic lunar month in a computus. Such months have a variable number of whole days, 29 or 30, whereas true synodic months can vary from about 29.27 to 29.83 days in length. Medieval authors equated the ecclesiastical new moon with a new crescent moon, but it is not a phase of the true moon. If its computus is accurate, it can be any day from the day of the astronomical new moon or dark moon to two days later. It itself is only a minor part of a computus—the critical day is thirteen days later, specifically, the fourteenth day of the schematic lunar month which occurs on or next after March 21. This fourteenth day was loosely called the Paschal full moon by medieval computists. Easter is the following Sunday.
- The fourteenth day of an ecclesiastical lunar month is the ecclesiastical full moon. The date of the ecclesiastical full moon is obtained by adding 13 days to the date of the preceding ecclesiastical new moon. The first ecclesiastical new moon of the year to begin on or after March 8 is of special importance, since it is the Paschal new moon that begins the Paschal lunar month (see table). The fourteenth day of the same lunar month is the first of the calendar year to occur on or next after March 21. This fourteenth day was loosely called the Paschal full moon by medieval computists. Easter is the following Sunday. Calendar pages in medieval liturgical books indicated the ecclesiastical new moons by writing the Golden number to the left of the day of the month on which the ecclesiastical new moon would occur in the year of that Golden number. In some places the age of the moon was announced daily in the office of Prime at the reading of the martyrology. When in the 13th century Roger Bacon complained about the discrepancy between the ecclesiastical moon and the observed lunar phases, he specifically mentioned the discrepancy involving the ecclesiastical new moon Quilibet computista novit quod fallit primatio per tres dies vel quatuor his temporibus; et quilibet rusticus potest in coelo hunc errorem contemplari. (Any computist knows that the prime [of the moon] is off by three or four days in our time; and any rustic can see this error in the sky.) These complaints were finally addressed by the construction of the Gregorian calendar.
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