Atheistic existentialism is also known as secular existentialism, naturalistic existantialism, materialistic existentialism, humanistic existentialism, and Sartrean existentialism. Friedrich Nietzche and Jean-Paul Sartre were the main atheistic existentialists. Some of the features associated with atheistic existentialism include: Being in-itself is an object that is not free and cannot change its essence. Being for-itself is free; it does not need to be what it is and can change. Consciousness is usually considered being for-itself.
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| - Atheistic existentialism is also known as secular existentialism, naturalistic existantialism, materialistic existentialism, humanistic existentialism, and Sartrean existentialism. Friedrich Nietzche and Jean-Paul Sartre were the main atheistic existentialists. Some of the features associated with atheistic existentialism include: Being in-itself is an object that is not free and cannot change its essence. Being for-itself is free; it does not need to be what it is and can change. Consciousness is usually considered being for-itself.
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| - Atheistic existentialism is also known as secular existentialism, naturalistic existantialism, materialistic existentialism, humanistic existentialism, and Sartrean existentialism. Friedrich Nietzche and Jean-Paul Sartre were the main atheistic existentialists. Some of the features associated with atheistic existentialism include: Existence precedes essence : See earlier. Values are subjective : Sartre accepts the premise that an individual's "facticity" (i.e. the properties of an object or person as traditionally conceived and experienced), or a component, is valuable because the individual chooses to value it. But Sartre denies that there are any objective standards on which to base values. (However, this should not be confused with post-modernism.) Sartre clearly believed that systems of consciousness followed clear and solid rules. Bad faith : See earlier. The Gaze : Sartre believed that beings possess the power to look at themselves and at another or an object, which is to use one's mind to look at the person in static. This concept of "looking" and the power to look are referred to as The Gaze. This destroys an object's subjectivity. The thing becomes a "thing in itself" (see Noumenon) or a non-subjective object. Sartre stated that this form of consciousness was used quite often in inter-personal relationships. People place meaning onto what other people think of them rather than what they think of themselves. This process of radically re-aligning this meaning from The Gaze onto one's own being is what leads to periods of so-called "existential angst".[citation needed] Being for others : Sartre believed that a person "A" who cannot embrace their freedom to confront existential absurdity and define their life seeks in effect to be "looked at", that is, to be made an object of another's subjectivity. This creates a clash of freedoms whereby person A's being or sense of identity is controlled by person B's thoughts about A. Responsibility for choices : The individual is condemned to be responsible for his free choices, regardless of the consequences, because the choices belonged to that individual alone. Specialized vocabulary : Being in-itself is an object that is not free and cannot change its essence. Being for-itself is free; it does not need to be what it is and can change. Consciousness is usually considered being for-itself. Non-positional consciousness is being merely conscious of one's surroundings. Positional consciousness puts consciousness into relation of one's surroundings and entails an explicit awareness of being conscious of one's surroundings. Identity is constructed by this explicit awareness of consciousness.
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