abstract
| - Michael Collins was an Irish revolutionary leader and politician, he held numerous positions in the Irish provisional government of 1918 - 1921. He was responsible for signing the Three Power Treaty of 1921, granting the Republic of Ireland independence from the United Kingdom within the Commonwealth. Sinn Fein was divided about whether to accept an agreement that divided Ireland, de Valera himself voiced his opposition. In January 1922 Sinn Fein split between the All Ireland wing, who favoured a single Irish State, and the Treatyists who were willing to accept a divided Ireland as the price for independence. Collins and de Valera led their respective factions, with the Treatyists the largest faction in the Dail, as such Collins replaced de Valera as Taoiseach in February 1922. The first Collins government brought stability to the politically volatile republic, and saw an opening to democratic politics as opposed to the politics of the gun. His first government was narrowly defeated in a confidence motion in July 1924, with a general election being held the following month. For the first, and to date only, time in irish history both parties won an equal number of seats and neither commanding a majority, the balance of power being held three labour TD's and an independent. De Valera formed a minority government with the support of the the labour party, however they failed to agree to a permanent agreement. De Valera called a snap election in November, which resulted in a Fine Gael majority. Collins' second government was harsh on law and order issue. Collins was assassinated in August 1925 by a radical republican. Collins is still a deeply controversial figure in modern Ireland, revered by some and hated by others.
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