About: Type XXI U-boat

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Type XXI U-boats, also known as "Elektroboot" (German: "electric boats"), were the first submarines designed to operate primarily submerged, rather than as surface ships that could submerge as a means to escape detection or launch an attack.

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rdfs:label	Type XXI U-boat
rdfs:comment	Type XXI U-boats, also known as "Elektroboot" (German: "electric boats"), were the first submarines designed to operate primarily submerged, rather than as surface ships that could submerge as a means to escape detection or launch an attack.
dcterms:subject	The War That Came Early Submarines German Naval Ships
dbkwik:turtledove/...iPageUsesTemplate	dbkwik:resource/Kz_oQ96j014TTps6TfTvhA== dbkwik:resource/K49hCW_E_MFtO7Ry8bRhEA==
abstract	Type XXI U-boats, also known as "Elektroboot" (German: "electric boats"), were the first submarines designed to operate primarily submerged, rather than as surface ships that could submerge as a means to escape detection or launch an attack. The key improvement in the Type XXI was greatly increased battery capacity, roughly triple the Type VIIC. This gave these boats great underwater range, and dramatically reduced the time spent on or near the surface. They could travel submerged at about 5 kn (5.8 mph; 9.3 km/h) for two or three days before recharging batteries, which took less than five hours using the snorkel. The Type XXI was also far quieter than the VIIC, making it harder to detect when submerged. The Type XXI's streamlined and hydrodynamically clean hull design — even featuring a small, pioneering form of the later bulbous bow at the ventral end of the stem as designed — allowed high submerged speed. The ability to outrun many surface ships while submerged, combined with improved dive times (also a product of the new hull form), made it far harder to chase and destroy. It also gave the boat a 'sprint ability' when positioning itself for an attack. Older boats had to surface to sprint into position. This often revealed a boat's location, especially after aircraft became available for convoy escort. The new hull design also reduced visibility by marine or airborne radar when surfaced; whether this was a goal of the design or coincidence is still debated.

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