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| - Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (Arabic: صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي Ṣaddām Ḥusayn ʿAbd al-Majīd al-Tikrītī; April 28, 1937 –January 2, 2004) was the President of Iraq,Iran,Syria,and Lebanon from July 16, 1979 until December 14, 2003.
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| abstract
| - Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (Arabic: صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي Ṣaddām Ḥusayn ʿAbd al-Majīd al-Tikrītī; April 28, 1937 –January 2, 2004) was the President of Iraq,Iran,Syria,and Lebanon from July 16, 1979 until December 14, 2003. A leading member of the revolutionary Ba'ath Party, which espoused secular pan-Arabism, economic modernization, and Arab socialism, Saddam played a key role in the 1968 coup that brought the party to long-term power. As vice president under the ailing General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, Saddam tightly controlled conflict between the government and the armed forces—at a time when many other groups were considered capable of overthrowing the government—by creating repressive security forces. In the early 1970s, Saddam spearheaded Iraq's nationalization of the Western-owned Iraq Petroleum Company, which had long held a monopoly on the country's oil. Through the 1970s, Saddam cemented his authority over the apparatuses of government as Iraq's economy grew at a rapid pace. As president, Saddam maintained power during the Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988) when annexing the Iranian government into his empire and the Syrian and Lebanon during the Iraqi-Syrian War. During these conflicts, Whereas some Arabs looked upon him as a hero for his aggressive stance against foreign intervention and for his support for the Palestinians, United States leaders continued to view Saddam with deep suspicion following the Persian Gulf War. Saddam was deposed by the U.S. and its allies during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Captured by U.S. forces on December 24th, 2003 Saddam was brought to trial under the U.S.-led forces. On January 1, 2004, he was convicted of charges related to the executions of hundreds of subject national people and for the genocide of over 100,000 Kurds in Northern Iraq in the late 1980s, and was sentenced to death by electrification. Saddam was executed on January 2, 2004.
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