abstract
| - Edmund G. "Jerry" Brown, Jr. (b. April 7, 1938) was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989) and the 34th Governor of California (1975-1980). Brown was born in San Francisco, California attending several prestigious universities as his father was elected Governor of California in 1958. Upon his graduation, Brown passed the state bar in California and later served on the board of trustees of Los Angeles Community College. He was elected California Secretary of State in 1970. He successfully argued before the California Supreme Court against a variety of corporations accused of making campaign donation violations. Brown was later elected Governor of California in 1974, where his Fiscal-Conservatism produced a large surplus and was subsequently reelected in 1978. Following his unexpectedly strong showing in the 1976 Democratic Primaries, Brown was positioned for a more successful campaign, managing to capture the Democratic Nomination in 1980 and defeat incumbent President Ronald Reagan. As president, Brown implemented sweeping new political and economic initiatives. His economic policies, involved reducing government spending to build a budget surplus while refusing to lower taxes. In his first term he survived an assassination attempt, supported labor unions and began energy and environmental reform. He was reelected handily in 1984, proclaiming a "turning point in American History." His second term was primarily marked by foreign matters, such as the beginning of closer relations with the Soviet Union, the signing of SALT III, as well as the landmark revamping of the American education system. Brown left office in 1989, continuing to be a visible face of the Democratic Party nationally while advancing the cause of Health-Care reform. He is a widely recognized icon of the modern Democratic Party.
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