The electric dipole moment of a given charge distribution is a measure of the separation between the positive and negative charges in the system. The dipole moment is the first term in a multipole expansion. Electric dipole moment is measured in Coulomb-meters (C m) in the SI system. Electric dipole moment is a vector quantity. Given two point charges of equal magnitude q and separation d (the displacement vector pointing towards the positive charge), the electric dipole moment is equal to More generally, for a distribution of charge ρ, the electric dipole is equal to
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