abstract
| - King Emrys III of Prydain, the last of the House of Dyfnaint, died childless in January 1078 without naming an heir. The most obvious candidate to succeed him was his brother-in-law, Gruffydd ap Culhwch, who came from one of the most powerful famlies in the realm. After gaining the support of other great nobles Gruffydd was crowned king on the royal hill of Ynys Wydryn on the 28th January. However, his claim was disputed by his cousin, Hywel ap Cynan, who ruled across the sea in Arvor. Several years earlier, Gruffydd had been a guest at Hywel's court for a time, and it was alleged that he had sworn an oath to place Hywel upon the throne of Prydain. Whether or not this was true is unknown, but it gave Hywel a pretext to invade and seize the British crown by force. Gruffydd mustered his army on the south coast in preparation for the invasion, but before it arrived he received news of an incursion across the northern border by Ebrauc. Leaving only a token force in the south, he rushed north to confront Ebrauc, but was defeated and killed in August at the Battle of Defa.
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