Around the end of March 1519, Hernán Cortés landed with a Spanish conquistador force at Potonchán on the coast of modern-day Mexico. Cortés had been commissioned by Governor Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar of Spanish-controlled Cuba to lead an expedition in the area, which was dominated by the Aztec Empire. Through a combination of raw force and political maneuvering, Cortés was able to secure the allegiance of the Totonacs and the Tlaxcaltec (subjugated enemies of the Aztec empire) during his advance on the Empire's main settlement, Tenochtitlan. In November, a Spanish force entered the city, and was greeted by its ruler, Moctezuma II. Initially, the conquistadors were treated well by the Aztecs whilst they stayed in the city, but increasing tension by the end of June 1520 led to the forced ex
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| - Around the end of March 1519, Hernán Cortés landed with a Spanish conquistador force at Potonchán on the coast of modern-day Mexico. Cortés had been commissioned by Governor Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar of Spanish-controlled Cuba to lead an expedition in the area, which was dominated by the Aztec Empire. Through a combination of raw force and political maneuvering, Cortés was able to secure the allegiance of the Totonacs and the Tlaxcaltec (subjugated enemies of the Aztec empire) during his advance on the Empire's main settlement, Tenochtitlan. In November, a Spanish force entered the city, and was greeted by its ruler, Moctezuma II. Initially, the conquistadors were treated well by the Aztecs whilst they stayed in the city, but increasing tension by the end of June 1520 led to the forced ex
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| Strength
| - ~40,000-20,000
- Unknown, probably less than 1,000, though significantly inferior in numbers to the Aztecs
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| Partof
| - the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
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| Commander
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| Casualties
| - Less than 73 Spanish deaths
- unknown but high; ~11,000-13,000 up to over 20,000
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| Result
| - Decisive Spanish and Tlaxcalan victory
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| Place
| - The plain of Otumba, modern-day Mexico
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| abstract
| - Around the end of March 1519, Hernán Cortés landed with a Spanish conquistador force at Potonchán on the coast of modern-day Mexico. Cortés had been commissioned by Governor Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar of Spanish-controlled Cuba to lead an expedition in the area, which was dominated by the Aztec Empire. Through a combination of raw force and political maneuvering, Cortés was able to secure the allegiance of the Totonacs and the Tlaxcaltec (subjugated enemies of the Aztec empire) during his advance on the Empire's main settlement, Tenochtitlan. In November, a Spanish force entered the city, and was greeted by its ruler, Moctezuma II. Initially, the conquistadors were treated well by the Aztecs whilst they stayed in the city, but increasing tension by the end of June 1520 led to the forced expulsion of the Spanish and Tlaxcaltec from Tenochtitlan in an event called La Noche Triste (The Sad Night.) Cortés then started a retreat to Tlaxcala, during which his force was harassed by Aztec skirmishers, and the Aztec leadership resolved to eliminate them as they withdrew.
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![[RDF Data]](/fct/images/sw-rdf-blue.png)