About: Hertzian Dipole   Sponge Permalink

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The Hertzian dipole is a theoretical dipole antenna that consists of an infinitesimally small current source acting in free-space. Although a true Hertzian dipole cannot physically exist, very short dipole antennas can make for a reasonable approximation. The length of this antenna is significantly smaller than the wavelength: The radiation resistance is given by: where is the impedance of free space. A surprising result is that even though the Hertzian dipole is minute, its effective aperture is comparable to antennas many times its size.

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  • Hertzian Dipole
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  • The Hertzian dipole is a theoretical dipole antenna that consists of an infinitesimally small current source acting in free-space. Although a true Hertzian dipole cannot physically exist, very short dipole antennas can make for a reasonable approximation. The length of this antenna is significantly smaller than the wavelength: The radiation resistance is given by: where is the impedance of free space. A surprising result is that even though the Hertzian dipole is minute, its effective aperture is comparable to antennas many times its size.
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abstract
  • The Hertzian dipole is a theoretical dipole antenna that consists of an infinitesimally small current source acting in free-space. Although a true Hertzian dipole cannot physically exist, very short dipole antennas can make for a reasonable approximation. The length of this antenna is significantly smaller than the wavelength: The radiation resistance is given by: where is the impedance of free space. The radiation resistance is typically a fraction of an ohm, making the infinitesimal dipole an inefficient radiator. The directivity D, which is the theoretical gain of the antenna assuming no ohmic losses (not real-world), is a constant of 1.5, which corresponds to 1.76 dB. Actual gain will be much less due to the ohmic losses and the loss inherent in connecting a transmission line to the antenna, which is very hard to do efficiently considering the incredibly low radiation resistance. The maximum effective aperture is: A surprising result is that even though the Hertzian dipole is minute, its effective aperture is comparable to antennas many times its size.
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