abstract
| - The Problems is the most common name for the ethno-racial conflict in the Confederate States of America that spilled over, periodically, into the United States of America, Mexico, the Caribbean and even Europe. The Problems began in the early 1960s and are generally regarded as having ended gradually during the 1990s with the elimination of de jure segregation and the disarmament of the paramilitaries under President Bill Blythe. The key issues at stake in the Problems were the denial of many basic civil rights to African-Americans, in particular in the states of Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, Georgia and South Carolina, and the economic, legal, political and social privileges afforded to whites. The bulk of the fighting involved routine assassinations carried out by white supremacist paramilitaries such as the Ku Klux Klan and car bombings, riots and other terrorist attacks carried out by all-black organizations such as the Black Panther Party, the Nation of Islam, Negro Revolutionary Liberation Army, and other splinter organizations. The conflict had deep religious and economic overtones as well - the Ku Klux Klan also targeted Jews and Catholics in its campaign and endorsed Protestant fundamentalism, while the Black Panthers and the NRLA were explicitly socialist and Marxist organizations, respectively. In the context of the Cold War, the British Bloc openly supported the NRLA, leading the Confederate political establishment to largely denounce the broader civil rights movement as a "Communist façade."
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