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This theory was initially proposed by Charles Darwin in The Origin of Species and then heavily promoted by the German Darwinist, Ernst Haeckel. In 1904, Haeckel reiterated a view of Darwin: "These lower races ... are psychologically nearer to the mammals (apes or dogs) than to civilized Europeans; we must, therefore, assign a totally different value to their lives." The Haeckel diagrams remained in school textbooks long after scientists privately recognized they were fraudulent. The diagrams were not removed from textbooks until the New York Times publicized the fraud in 2001.

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  • Haeckel diagrams
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  • This theory was initially proposed by Charles Darwin in The Origin of Species and then heavily promoted by the German Darwinist, Ernst Haeckel. In 1904, Haeckel reiterated a view of Darwin: "These lower races ... are psychologically nearer to the mammals (apes or dogs) than to civilized Europeans; we must, therefore, assign a totally different value to their lives." The Haeckel diagrams remained in school textbooks long after scientists privately recognized they were fraudulent. The diagrams were not removed from textbooks until the New York Times publicized the fraud in 2001.
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abstract
  • This theory was initially proposed by Charles Darwin in The Origin of Species and then heavily promoted by the German Darwinist, Ernst Haeckel. In 1904, Haeckel reiterated a view of Darwin: "These lower races ... are psychologically nearer to the mammals (apes or dogs) than to civilized Europeans; we must, therefore, assign a totally different value to their lives." Haeckel drew diagrams suggesting that an animal, including a human, imitates the shapes of its ancestors' evolution as it develops in the womb. He then drew fraudulent images to popularize his theory. The drawings, shown to the right here, were a complete fake. The Haeckel diagrams remained in school textbooks long after scientists privately recognized they were fraudulent. The diagrams were not removed from textbooks until the New York Times publicized the fraud in 2001.
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