abstract
| - Tsuyoshi "Yosh" Nakayama was a Japanese gardener living in the United States territory of Wahiawa, Hawaii when the Japanese Army invaded in December 1941. Nakayama became the translator for Major Hirabayashi, relaying the terms of occupation to the civilians in the city, and ordering people such as Jane Armitage to begin gardening. The people of Wahiawa saw Nakayama as a "Quisling", although he did not appear to relish his position, or use it to benefit himself. Indeed, in 1943, when he learned that Jane Armitage had been chosen to become a "comfort woman" for the sexual pleasure of Japanese troops, he tried to warn Jane to leave the city. However, given the rather unpleasant nature of the threat, Nakayama was too embarrassed to effectively warn Jane. She was taken the next day. When the Americans reconquered Hawaii in 1943, Nakayama became something of a pariah for having translated for the Japanese. However, most of the citizens of Wahiawa realized that he'd had little choice but to take the position. He had not used it to his advantage, and had not enjoyed it. He was forced to run a gauntlet of angry Wahiawa citizens as punishment, but came out unscathed, unlike others.
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