About: Export control laws

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Export control laws are federal laws implemented both by the Department of Commerce through its Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and the Department of State through its International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). They prohibit the unlicensed export of certain materials or information for reasons of national security or the protection of trade. Following the events of September 11, 2001, the export control regulations became more prominent and scrutiny concerning compliance with these regulations has been heightened.

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rdfs:label	Export control laws
rdfs:comment	Export control laws are federal laws implemented both by the Department of Commerce through its Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and the Department of State through its International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). They prohibit the unlicensed export of certain materials or information for reasons of national security or the protection of trade. Following the events of September 11, 2001, the export control regulations became more prominent and scrutiny concerning compliance with these regulations has been heightened.
dcterms:subject	Security Legislation-U.S.-Federal Legislation Legislation-U.S.-Security
abstract	Export control laws are federal laws implemented both by the Department of Commerce through its Export Administration Regulations (EAR) and the Department of State through its International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). They prohibit the unlicensed export of certain materials or information for reasons of national security or the protection of trade. Following the events of September 11, 2001, the export control regulations became more prominent and scrutiny concerning compliance with these regulations has been heightened. The vast majority of exports do not require a license. Only exports that the U.S. government considers "license controlled" under the EAR and ITAR require licenses. Export controlled transfers usually arise for one or more of the following reasons: * The nature of the export has actual or potential military applications or involves economic protection issues; * There are government concerns about the destination country, organization, or individual; and * There are government concerns about the declared or suspected end use or the end user of the export. Even if an item appears on one of the lists of controlled technologies, generally there is an exclusion for fundamental research (as long as there are no restrictions on publication of the research or other restrictions on dissemination of the information) or, in some cases, as long as the research or information is made public or is intended to be made public. When an item is controlled, a license may be required before the technology can be exported. This requirement relates not only to tangible items (such as software), but also to the research results themselves. Further, the term "export" can mean not only technology leaving the United States (including transfer to a U.S. citizen abroad), but also transmitting the technology to an individual other than a U.S. citizen or permanent resident within the United States. There are certain countries where it is the policy of the United States generally to deny licenses for the transfer of these items. These countries are currently Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Libya, North Korea, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, and Vietnam.

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