The Kingdom of Wales gained its independence during the 1st War of Independence against England (1400-1408). The war is called the Glyndwr Rebellion in England. Under the Treaty of London Henry IV recognised Welsh independence, under the of the English Crown and the Welsh borders were extended up the the banks of the River Severn for most of its length and then in a line along the Cheshire-Welsh border from Shrewsbury north. The realm recognised by Henry was a Principality, with Owain ruling as Owain IV, Prince of Wales, and the treaty bound both Owain and Wales to the English cause in Europe, even though during the war Wales had been allied to both France and the Avignon Papacy. This in part was the doing of the French king who brokered the Treaty along with the Welsh ambassadors, Gruffyd
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| - Kingdom of Wales (Welsh History Post Glyndwr)
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| - The Kingdom of Wales gained its independence during the 1st War of Independence against England (1400-1408). The war is called the Glyndwr Rebellion in England. Under the Treaty of London Henry IV recognised Welsh independence, under the of the English Crown and the Welsh borders were extended up the the banks of the River Severn for most of its length and then in a line along the Cheshire-Welsh border from Shrewsbury north. The realm recognised by Henry was a Principality, with Owain ruling as Owain IV, Prince of Wales, and the treaty bound both Owain and Wales to the English cause in Europe, even though during the war Wales had been allied to both France and the Avignon Papacy. This in part was the doing of the French king who brokered the Treaty along with the Welsh ambassadors, Gruffyd
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| - National_Coat_of_Arms_of_Wales.jpg
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| - Welsh History Post Glyndwr
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| - The Kingdom of Wales gained its independence during the 1st War of Independence against England (1400-1408). The war is called the Glyndwr Rebellion in England. Under the Treaty of London Henry IV recognised Welsh independence, under the of the English Crown and the Welsh borders were extended up the the banks of the River Severn for most of its length and then in a line along the Cheshire-Welsh border from Shrewsbury north. The realm recognised by Henry was a Principality, with Owain ruling as Owain IV, Prince of Wales, and the treaty bound both Owain and Wales to the English cause in Europe, even though during the war Wales had been allied to both France and the Avignon Papacy. This in part was the doing of the French king who brokered the Treaty along with the Welsh ambassadors, Gruffydd Young and John Hanmer. The House of Glyndwr (called variously the House of Mathrafal, House of Powys Fadog and the House of Powys Fadog-Glyndwr) then ruled Wales for another 199 years. The Dynasty fell with internal squabbles about religion. The Prince of Powys during the reign of Queen Elen had converted to Lutheranism and had made concerted efforts to convert the Crown Prince, Marc. In this he was successful, but when Marc succeeded to the throne war broke out between those who would keep Wales Catholic and those who supported Marc and Powys. In the end both Marc and Rhys (Powys) were killed and defeated and the king's brother's son, Dafydd (Duke of Dyfed) succeeded to the crown, ushering the House of Dehubarth onto the throne, and whose dynasty would rule Wales for 148 years (although they also lost the country to the English during the 3rd Anglo-Welsh War of 1718). England would rule Wales for the next 78 years. Eventually however, Wales regained its independence under a new dynasty, the House of Morgannwg which gained recognition of this in the 1796 Treaty of Shrewsbury which saw Wales restored to its previous borders, but again, under nominal English suzerainty. The rule of the House of Morgannwg would be interrupted by the Welsh Civil War, fought between 1843 and 1849, which saw the House of MacGregor-Glyndwr (the Princes of Gwynedd) attempt to regain the Welsh throne. In the end the House of Morgannwg survived and saw Wales enter the 20th Century as an independent Imperial Power (albeit a minor power).
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