The Colorado River Basin lies in the southwestern United States. By geography and by the law of the river, the Colorado River Compact of 1922, the basin is divided into the mountainous upper basin, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming, where most of the runoff in the basin originates and the dry lower basin, Arizona, California, and Nevada, where there is great demand for the water in the river. A United States Supreme Court decision, usually termed the "Consolidated Decree", the Consolidated Decree entered by the United States Supreme Court in the case of Arizona v. California, 547 U.S. 150 (2006), also applies. The United States has a delivery obligation to the United Mexican States (Mexico) for certain waters of the Colorado River pursuant to the February 3, 1944 Treaty between the Un
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| - The Colorado River Basin lies in the southwestern United States. By geography and by the law of the river, the Colorado River Compact of 1922, the basin is divided into the mountainous upper basin, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming, where most of the runoff in the basin originates and the dry lower basin, Arizona, California, and Nevada, where there is great demand for the water in the river. A United States Supreme Court decision, usually termed the "Consolidated Decree", the Consolidated Decree entered by the United States Supreme Court in the case of Arizona v. California, 547 U.S. 150 (2006), also applies. The United States has a delivery obligation to the United Mexican States (Mexico) for certain waters of the Colorado River pursuant to the February 3, 1944 Treaty between the Un
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| - The Colorado River Basin lies in the southwestern United States. By geography and by the law of the river, the Colorado River Compact of 1922, the basin is divided into the mountainous upper basin, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah and Wyoming, where most of the runoff in the basin originates and the dry lower basin, Arizona, California, and Nevada, where there is great demand for the water in the river. A United States Supreme Court decision, usually termed the "Consolidated Decree", the Consolidated Decree entered by the United States Supreme Court in the case of Arizona v. California, 547 U.S. 150 (2006), also applies. The United States has a delivery obligation to the United Mexican States (Mexico) for certain waters of the Colorado River pursuant to the February 3, 1944 Treaty between the United States and Mexico [Relating to the Utilization of the Waters of the Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande]. In November, 2012 by the terms of Minute 319 an agreement was made to establish a small base flow and to annually release a pulse flow which mimics in a small way the historic annual floods of the Colorado which ended with completion of the Glen Canyon Dam in 1963. This release will maintain the connection of the river with the delta and the Gulf of California and benefit the ecosystem. Mexico will be allowed to store excess water in Hoover Dam for this and other purposes. It was reported on December 10, 2007 that the Federal Government and the 7 affected states had agreed to a supplement to the Colorado River Compact which provides for procedures for the Interior Department to declare a shortage on the river should the river be unable to produce the 7.5 million acre-feet of water water alloted to the lower basin states., the Colorado River Interim Guidelines for Lower Basin Shortages and Coordinated Operations for Lakes Powell and Mead. The guidelines are termed "interim" as they will be used through 2026 while experience is gained. The pact was signed by the seven states and the Secretary of the Interior Dirk Kempthorne in a ceremony at the Colorado River Water Users Association in Las Vegas. The proposed federal action will be implemented through the adoption of interim guidelines that would be used each year by the Department in implementing the Criteria for Coordinated Long-Range Operation of Colorado River Reservoirs Pursuant to the Colorado River Basin Project Act of September 30, 1968 (Long-Range Operating Criteria or LROC) through issuance of the Annual Operating Plan for Colorado River Reservoirs (AOP).
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