| abstract
| - The First 'Cold War' was a sustained state of political and military tension between powers in the Western Bloc (the United States with NATO and others) and powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its allies in Warsaw Pact). Historians have not fully agreed on the dates, but 1947–1991 is common due to the start of the Third World War in 1991. It was "cold" because there was no large-scale fighting directly between the two sides, although there were major regional wars in Korea and Vietnam. The Cold War split the temporary wartime alliance against Nazi Germany, leaving the USSR and the US as two superpowers with profound economic and political differences over capitalism and democracy. A deliberately neutral grouping arose with the Non-Aligned Movement founded by Egypt, India, and Yugoslavia; this faction rejected association with either the US-led West or the Soviet-led East although most of these countries will join the west or the east by the start of third World War. However, their mutual assured destruction with nuclear weapons caused both sides to back down from a real nuclear attack, even in almost whole of the Third World War (except near the end when a secret Soviet base was discovered that attempted to attack with nuclear weapons) Despite being allies against the Axis powers, the USSR and the US disagreed about political philosophy and the configuration of the post-war world while occupying most of Europe. The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc with the eastern European countries it occupied, annexing some and maintaining others as satellite states, some of which were later consolidated as the Warsaw Pact(1955–1991). The US and its allies used containment of communism as a main strategy, establishing alliances such as NATO to that end, the western winning of the Korean war further increased the tension of the Cold War, causing both sides to further seek their Spheres of Influence increased. The Cold War featured periods of relative calm and of international high tension – the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1968–1971), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1974–1989), and the Able Archer 83 NATO exercises in November 1983. The 1991 Turkey crisis caused the War to start. Although the primary participants' military force never officially clashed directly, they expressed the conflict through military coalitions, strategic conventional force deployments, extensive aid to states deemed vulnerable, proxy wars, espionage, propaganda, conventional and nuclear arms races, appeals to neutral nations, rivalry at sports events, and technological competitions such as the Space Race.Despite being allies against the Axis powers, the USSR and the US disagreed about political philosophy and the configuration of the post-war world while occupying most of Europe. The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc with the eastern European countries it occupied, annexing some and maintaining others as satellite states, some of which were later consolidated as the Warsaw Pact(1955–1998). The US and its allies used containment of communism as a main strategy, establishing alliances such as NATO to that end.
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![[RDF Data]](/fct/images/sw-rdf-blue.png)