The Boxer Rebellion was a conflict in China. The First Doctor and his granddaughter Susan Foreman visited Peking during the rebellion and used smoke bombs to escape. (AUDIO: The Flames of Cadiz) Captain Jack Harkness was active in China during the rebellion, where he worked with explosives. (TV: The Blood Line)
The uprising took place against a background of severe drought and economic disruption caused by the growth of foreign spheres of influence. Grievances ranged from the opium trade and other foreign economic incursions to Christian missionary work, while the Qing state was too weak to combat them.