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| - Identification friend or foe (or IFF) is a signal code sent by approaching vessels which allows for an entity to distinguish them between friend and foe targets. The code only identifies the craft as a friendly target. If no code is given, the approaching vessel is treated as suspicious. They cannot be treated as "foe" until more is determined, because there are many possible reasons for not sending an IFF response, such as damage to communications systems, or a lackof awareness of the protocol. According to a screen in Atlantis, the Daedalus IFF code may be 09XR3. (SGA: "The Siege, Part 3")
- Identification, friend or foe (IFF) is an identification system designed for command and control. It enables military and national (civilian air traffic control) interrogation systems to identify aircraft, vehicles or forces as friendly and to determine their bearing and range from the interrogator. IFF may be used by both military and civilian aircraft.
- IFF was first developed during World War II. The term is something of a misnomer, as IFF can positively identify friendly targets but not hostile ones. If an IFF interrogation receives no reply or an invalid reply, the object cannot be identified as friendly but is not positively identified as a foe. The major military benefits of IFF include preventing "friendly fire" and being able to positively identify friendly forces.[citation needed]
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| abstract
| - Identification friend or foe (or IFF) is a signal code sent by approaching vessels which allows for an entity to distinguish them between friend and foe targets. The code only identifies the craft as a friendly target. If no code is given, the approaching vessel is treated as suspicious. They cannot be treated as "foe" until more is determined, because there are many possible reasons for not sending an IFF response, such as damage to communications systems, or a lackof awareness of the protocol. According to a screen in Atlantis, the Daedalus IFF code may be 09XR3. (SGA: "The Siege, Part 3")
- IFF was first developed during World War II. The term is something of a misnomer, as IFF can positively identify friendly targets but not hostile ones. If an IFF interrogation receives no reply or an invalid reply, the object cannot be identified as friendly but is not positively identified as a foe. There are many reasons for friendly aircraft not to reply to IFF, such as battle damage or equipment failure, loss of encryption keys, and wrong encryption keys. Terrain-hugging aircraft are very often poor candidates for microwave line-of-sight systems such as the IFF system. Microwaves cannot penetrate terrain, and very often atmospheric effects (referred to as anomalous propagation) cause timing, range, and azimuth issues.[citation needed] The major military benefits of IFF include preventing "friendly fire" and being able to positively identify friendly forces.[citation needed]
- Identification, friend or foe (IFF) is an identification system designed for command and control. It enables military and national (civilian air traffic control) interrogation systems to identify aircraft, vehicles or forces as friendly and to determine their bearing and range from the interrogator. IFF may be used by both military and civilian aircraft. IFF was first developed during World War II. The term is a misnomer, as IFF can only positively identify friendly targets, not hostile ones. If an IFF interrogation receives no reply or an invalid reply, the object cannot be identified as friendly, but is not positively identified as foe. There are many reasons that friendly aircraft may not properly reply to IFF. The IFF of World War II and Soviet military systems (1946 to 1991) used coded radar signals (called Cross-Band Interrogation, or CBI) to automatically trigger the aircraft's transponder in an aircraft illuminated by the radar. Radar-based IFF is also called secondary radar, with primary radar bouncing an RF pulse off of the aircraft to determine position. George Charrier, working for RCA, filed for a patent for such an IFF device in 1941. By 1943, Donald Barchok filed a patent for a radar system using the acronym IFF in his text with only parenthetic explanation, indicating that this acronym had become an accepted term. In 1945, Emile Labin and Edwin Turner filed patents for radar IFF systems where the outgoing radar signal and the transponder's reply signal could each be independently programmed with a binary codes by setting arrays of toggle switches; this allowed the IFF code to be varied from day to day or even hour to hour.
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