About: Experimental basis of Special Relativity/Other Experiments   Sponge Permalink

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Fizeau measured the speed of light in moving mediums, most notably moving water. Fresnel proposed a “drag coefficient” that putatively described how strongly a moving material medium “dragged” the aether. SR predicts no aether but does predict that the speed of light in a moving medium differs from the speed in the medium at rest, by an amount consistent (to within experimental resolutions) with these experiments and with the Fresnel drag coefficient.

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  • Experimental basis of Special Relativity/Other Experiments
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  • Fizeau measured the speed of light in moving mediums, most notably moving water. Fresnel proposed a “drag coefficient” that putatively described how strongly a moving material medium “dragged” the aether. SR predicts no aether but does predict that the speed of light in a moving medium differs from the speed in the medium at rest, by an amount consistent (to within experimental resolutions) with these experiments and with the Fresnel drag coefficient.
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  • Fizeau measured the speed of light in moving mediums, most notably moving water. Fresnel proposed a “drag coefficient” that putatively described how strongly a moving material medium “dragged” the aether. SR predicts no aether but does predict that the speed of light in a moving medium differs from the speed in the medium at rest, by an amount consistent (to within experimental resolutions) with these experiments and with the Fresnel drag coefficient. * Michelson-Morley, Am. J. Sci. 31, 377 (1886).: This is a repetition of Fizeau's experiment, not the original MMX experiment! * Zeeman: Proc. Royal Soc. Amsterdam 17, pg 445 (1914); Proc. Royal Soc. Amsterdam 18, pg 398 (1915); Amst. Versl. 23, pg 245 (1914); Amst. Versl. 24, pg 18 (1915).: A critical review of Zeeman's experiments is in: Lerche, American Journal of Physics Vol. 45, pg 1154 (1977). * Macek et al., “Measurement of Fresnel Drag with the Ring Laser”, J. Appl. Phys. 35 (1964), pg 2556.: A more accurate, modern repetition. Includes a moving solid, liquid, and gas. * Bilger et al., Phys. Rev. A5 (1972) pg 591.: - * James and Sternberg, Nature 197 (1963), pg 1192.: Measurements with a glass plate moving perpendicular to the light path. The experiment measures no significant effect, but is not sensitive enough to detect the small effect predicted by SR.
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