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| - The Ancien Regime in France was a system of governance in which a plethora of local nobility enjoyed considerable power, but in an uneven and confusing way. Louis XV had been king of France since 1715 (although had ruled through a regent until 1743, at the outset of the War of Polish Succession). He got France into the Adriatic War against Greece the next year, and mismanaged many aspects of both wars, creating a lot of frustration among his nobles. Sven the Great of Sweden, ever an unscrupulous politician, acquired a dense and effective network of subversives within the French nobility through bribery and propaganda, exacerbating Louis’s political troubles and paving the way for the Eastern Coalition victory in Poland by 1748.
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abstract
| - The Ancien Regime in France was a system of governance in which a plethora of local nobility enjoyed considerable power, but in an uneven and confusing way. Louis XV had been king of France since 1715 (although had ruled through a regent until 1743, at the outset of the War of Polish Succession). He got France into the Adriatic War against Greece the next year, and mismanaged many aspects of both wars, creating a lot of frustration among his nobles. Sven the Great of Sweden, ever an unscrupulous politician, acquired a dense and effective network of subversives within the French nobility through bribery and propaganda, exacerbating Louis’s political troubles and paving the way for the Eastern Coalition victory in Poland by 1748. Sven had also managed to secure alliance with a number of states in northern Germany (most notably, Mecklenburg), and, in 1749, he swept through northern Germany in just a year, having only had to fight a handful of quick, decisive battles against West Prussian and Saxon forces. He united the area into a single administrative unit (which he called "Holstein-Prussia") under Swedish hegemony, but many of the former states remained independent in practice, and the official size of Holstein-Prussia would steadily shrink over time. Eventually, this administrative structure was deemed ineffective, and Holstein-Prussia was divided into three units: Holstein, Mecklenburg and Pomerania. A number of nobles in eastern France and northwestern Germany also supported Sweden during this time, and a sufficient band of them had accumulated by 1749 to declare themselves separate from the French court. Sven placed his second son, Björn, as the leader of this new nation, and dubbed him “Duke of Burgundy” (a title that rightfully belonged to the King of France).
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