| rdfs:comment
| - Polyuria means passing of large volume of urine, and is a symptom of persons with a variety of medical complications. It is also associated with diabetes mellitus and Diabetes Insipidus.
- Polyuria in diabetes shows that the body is unable to metabolize carbohydrates properly. Carbohydrates are turned into glucose, which is sent into the blood to feed the cells. The cells, lacking insulin, don't accept the glucose, so it remains in the blood causing hyperglycemia. The extra glucose in the blood accumulates there until the kidneys see it as an impurity to be filtered out and discarded. This point is known as the renal threshold. The blood, losing water, becomes more concentrated, leading to worse hyperglycemia and completing the vicious circle.
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| abstract
| - Polyuria means passing of large volume of urine, and is a symptom of persons with a variety of medical complications. It is also associated with diabetes mellitus and Diabetes Insipidus.
- Polyuria in diabetes shows that the body is unable to metabolize carbohydrates properly. Carbohydrates are turned into glucose, which is sent into the blood to feed the cells. The cells, lacking insulin, don't accept the glucose, so it remains in the blood causing hyperglycemia. The extra glucose in the blood accumulates there until the kidneys see it as an impurity to be filtered out and discarded. This point is known as the renal threshold. When the renal threshold is exceeded, and the excess glucose begins to spill into the urinary tract, the glucose makes the urine attract water in what's known as the osmotic effect. This extra water in the urine causes the excessive urination, dehydrating the body, which in turn causes the excessive drinking of polydipsia. The blood, losing water, becomes more concentrated, leading to worse hyperglycemia and completing the vicious circle. The over-frequent urination also takes with it electrolytes which the body needs to keep itself going--sodium (salt) and potassium among them. This contributes to lethargy and weakness, as the body is not able to keep itself in balance without the proper amounts of electrolytes. Loss of sufficient electrolytes is why many pets and people need intravenous fluids when suffering from DKA; these elements need to be replenished after being so severely depleted.
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