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| - To use it, a dam is built to trap water, usually in a valley where there is an existing lake. Water is allowed to flow through tunnels called penstocks in the dam, to turn turbines and then drive generators. The dam has to be most thick at the bottom because the pressure of the water is so much greater. (See pressure in liquids) This method is possibly the most reliable way of making renewable energy. Also, unlike solar, which only works when it is sunny, or wind, which needs wind, hydro electric works throughout the year, unless there is a drought.
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abstract
| - To use it, a dam is built to trap water, usually in a valley where there is an existing lake. Water is allowed to flow through tunnels called penstocks in the dam, to turn turbines and then drive generators. The dam has to be most thick at the bottom because the pressure of the water is so much greater. (See pressure in liquids) This method works well because gravitational potential energy is stored in the water above the dam. Because the water is very high, it will arrive at the turbines at a high speed and cause them to spin. A generator(s) is attached to these turbines and is also forced to spin - producing electricity. The water then flows away down the river as normal. In New Zealand, this way of making renewable energy counts for more than half the country’s energy because New Zealand is so mountainous. This is also the same for Switzerland. Even though the dams are very expensive to build, the costs can be shared with the flood controls, as they are also used for that. This method is possibly the most reliable way of making renewable energy. Also, unlike solar, which only works when it is sunny, or wind, which needs wind, hydro electric works throughout the year, unless there is a drought. Image:Hydroelectric power plant.gif It is made up of coal, oil, gas, nuclear and hydro energies
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