abstract
| - An Evangelical Christian is a Protestant who spreads the Gospel. In recent decades the term has narrowed to designate a white conservative Protestant, usually with a belief in the inerrancy of scriptures. "Evangelical" includes Fundamentalists. In the Reformation of the 16th century, "Evangelical" was a favorite term especially used by Lutherans. This article focuses on the United States and Canada since 1740, when the First Great Awakening launched the Evangelical movement. "Fundamentalism" is not an organization but a style of religious activism: Fundamentalists are fighting evangelicals taking on mainstream religion. Most Fundamentalists believe in Dispensationalism (which most Calvinist Evangelicals reject). The largest Evangelical church is the Southern Baptist Convention, which is largely Fundamentalist. Also important is the Missouri Synod Lutheran Church, which is both Fundamentalist and Lutheran. There is no exact definition of who is an Evangelical. Pollsters often ask, "Are you a born-again Christian?" to define the group. Sociologists look at membership in specific denominations, and often include Holiness Movement, Pentecostal and Nazarene groups. Some scholars focus on the Bible beliefs, together with a personal commitment to Christ. Christian researcher and author George Barna defines "Evangelicals" as a subset of those who meet the basic criteria defining born again Christians, but who also meet seven other doctrinal conditions. A distinction is then enabled to be manifest in other areas of faith beliefs.
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