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| - Cladistics is a comparatively recent system for identifying and displaying the supposed evolutionary relationships between living things. Its objective is to provide clear and testable hypotheses. Cladograms are used to present different tree-like relationships. Cladistics is offered as an alternative to creationary classification systems such as Linnaean taxonomy and baraminology.
- As the end result of a cladistic analysis, tree-like relationship-diagrams called "cladograms" are drawn up to show different hypotheses of relationships. A cladistic analysis can be based on as much or as little information as the researcher selects. Modern systematic research is likely to be based on a wide variety of information, including DNA-sequences (so called "molecular data"), biochemical data and morphological data. Willi Hennig (1913-1976) is widely regarded as the founder of cladistics.
- Cladistics, from the ancient Greek , klados, "branch", is the hierarchical classification of species based on phylogeny or evolutionary ancestry. The term phylogenetics is often used synonymously with cladistics. Cladistics is distinguished from other taxonomic systems because it focuses on the evolutionary relationships of species rather than on morphological similarities, which may be convergent, and because it places heavy emphasis on objective, quantitative analysis.
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| abstract
| - As the end result of a cladistic analysis, tree-like relationship-diagrams called "cladograms" are drawn up to show different hypotheses of relationships. A cladistic analysis can be based on as much or as little information as the researcher selects. Modern systematic research is likely to be based on a wide variety of information, including DNA-sequences (so called "molecular data"), biochemical data and morphological data. In a cladogram, all organisms lie at the leaves, and each inner node is ideally binary (two-way). The two taxa on either side of a split are called sister taxa or sister groups. Each subtree, whether it contains one item or a hundred thousand items, is called a clade. A natural group has all the organisms contained in any one clade that share a unique ancestor (one which they do not share with any other organisms on the diagram) for that clade. Each clade is set off by a series of characteristics that appear in its members, but not in the other forms from which it diverged. These identifying characteristics of a clade are called synapomorphies (shared, derived characters). For instance, hardened front wings (elytra) are a synapomorphy of beetles, while circinate vernation, or the unrolling of new fronds, is a synapomorphy of ferns. Willi Hennig (1913-1976) is widely regarded as the founder of cladistics.
- Cladistics, from the ancient Greek , klados, "branch", is the hierarchical classification of species based on phylogeny or evolutionary ancestry. The term phylogenetics is often used synonymously with cladistics. Cladistics is distinguished from other taxonomic systems because it focuses on the evolutionary relationships of species rather than on morphological similarities, which may be convergent, and because it places heavy emphasis on objective, quantitative analysis. Cladistics originated in the work of the German entomologist, Willi Hennig, who himself referred to it as phylogenetic systematics; the use of the terms "cladistics" and "clade" was popularized by other researchers. Cladistics originated in the field of biology . Cladistics generates diagrams called cladograms that represent the evolutionary tree of life. DNA and RNA sequencing data are used in many important cladistic efforts. Computer programs are widely used in cladistics, due to the highly complex nature of cladogram generation procedures.
- Cladistics is a comparatively recent system for identifying and displaying the supposed evolutionary relationships between living things. Its objective is to provide clear and testable hypotheses. Cladograms are used to present different tree-like relationships. Cladistics is offered as an alternative to creationary classification systems such as Linnaean taxonomy and baraminology.
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