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Wōđanaz or Wōđinaz is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of a god of Germanic paganism, known as Óðinn in Norse mythology, Wōden in Old English, Wodan or Wotan in Old High German and Godan in Lombardic. The name may be written with an asterisk in front, to indicate that the form is not directly attested. Testimonies of the god are scattered over a wide range, both temporally and geographically. More than a millennium separates the earliest Roman accounts and archaeological evidence from the beginning of the Common Era from the Odin of the Edda and later medieval folklore.

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  • Wōdanaz
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  • Wōđanaz or Wōđinaz is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of a god of Germanic paganism, known as Óðinn in Norse mythology, Wōden in Old English, Wodan or Wotan in Old High German and Godan in Lombardic. The name may be written with an asterisk in front, to indicate that the form is not directly attested. Testimonies of the god are scattered over a wide range, both temporally and geographically. More than a millennium separates the earliest Roman accounts and archaeological evidence from the beginning of the Common Era from the Odin of the Edda and later medieval folklore.
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abstract
  • Wōđanaz or Wōđinaz is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of a god of Germanic paganism, known as Óðinn in Norse mythology, Wōden in Old English, Wodan or Wotan in Old High German and Godan in Lombardic. The name may be written with an asterisk in front, to indicate that the form is not directly attested. He is in all likelihood identical with the Germanic god identified by Roman writers as Mercury and possibly with Tacitus' regnator omnium deus. Wodanaz may have risen to prominence during the Roman Iron Age, perhaps gradually displacing a hypothetical Tîwaz (later Tyr) as a major deity in West and North Germanic cultures. Testimonies of the god are scattered over a wide range, both temporally and geographically. More than a millennium separates the earliest Roman accounts and archaeological evidence from the beginning of the Common Era from the Odin of the Edda and later medieval folklore. Wōdanaz is associated with poetic or mantic qualities, his name being connected with the concept of *wōþuz, "furor poeticus" (poetic fury), and is thus the god of poets and seers. He is a shapechanger and healer, and thus a god of magicians and leeches. He is associated with the Wild Hunt of the dead, and thus a death deity. He is also a god of war and bringer of victory. The time periods distinguished in this article are * Proto-Germanic period, ca. 2nd century BCE to 2nd century CE: *Wodanaz and "Germanic Mercury"; * Migration Period, ca. 3rd to 7th centuries: Woden, Wodan and Proto-Norse *Wodinaz; the earliest records of the name Wodan date to the 6th century Hiberno-Scottish mission; * Viking Age, ca. 8th to 12th centuries: Scandinavian Óðinn; * Medieval to Early Modern periods, ca. 13th to 18th centuries: Germanic folklore (Wild Hunt); * Modern period, ca. 1800 to present: Romanticist Viking revival, Neopagan reconstructions and references in popular culture.
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