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The Book of Optics (Arabic: Kitāb al-Manāẓir‎ (كتاب المناظر); Persian: Ketāb e Manzarehā‎ (کتاب منظره ها); Latin: De Aspectibus or Opticae Thesaurus: Alhazeni Arabis; Italian: Deli Aspecti) was a seven-volume treatise on optics, physics, mathematics, anatomy and psychology written by the Iraqi Muslim scientist, Ibn al-Haytham (in Europe, Latinized as Alhacen or Alhazen), from 1011 to 1021, when he was under house arrest in Cairo, Egypt. It was originally written in Arabic and was later translated into Persian, Latin and Italian within the next several centuries.

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  • Book of Optics
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  • The Book of Optics (Arabic: Kitāb al-Manāẓir‎ (كتاب المناظر); Persian: Ketāb e Manzarehā‎ (کتاب منظره ها); Latin: De Aspectibus or Opticae Thesaurus: Alhazeni Arabis; Italian: Deli Aspecti) was a seven-volume treatise on optics, physics, mathematics, anatomy and psychology written by the Iraqi Muslim scientist, Ibn al-Haytham (in Europe, Latinized as Alhacen or Alhazen), from 1011 to 1021, when he was under house arrest in Cairo, Egypt. It was originally written in Arabic and was later translated into Persian, Latin and Italian within the next several centuries.
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  • The Book of Optics (Arabic: Kitāb al-Manāẓir‎ (كتاب المناظر); Persian: Ketāb e Manzarehā‎ (کتاب منظره ها); Latin: De Aspectibus or Opticae Thesaurus: Alhazeni Arabis; Italian: Deli Aspecti) was a seven-volume treatise on optics, physics, mathematics, anatomy and psychology written by the Iraqi Muslim scientist, Ibn al-Haytham (in Europe, Latinized as Alhacen or Alhazen), from 1011 to 1021, when he was under house arrest in Cairo, Egypt. It was originally written in Arabic and was later translated into Persian, Latin and Italian within the next several centuries. The book had an important influence on the development of optics, as it laid the foundations for modern physical optics after drastically transforming the way in which light and vision had been understood, and on science in general with its introduction of the experimental scientific method. Ibn al-Haytham has been called the "father of modern optics", the "pioneer of the modern scientific method," and the founder of experimental physics, and for these reasons he has been described as the "first scientist." The Book of Optics has been ranked alongside Isaac Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica as one of the most influential books in the history of physics, as it is widely considered to have initiated a revolution in the fields of optics and visual perception, also known as the 'Optical Revolution'. It established experimentation as the norm of proof in optics, and gave optics a physico-mathematical conception at a much earlier date than the other mathematical disciplines of astronomy and mechanics. The Book of Optics also contains the earliest discussions and descriptions of the psychology of visual perception and optical illusions, as well as experimental psychology, and the first accurate descriptions of the camera obscura, a precursor to the modern camera. In medicine and ophthalmology, the book also made important advances in eye surgery, as it correctly explained the process of sight for the first time.
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