| rdfs:comment
| - The Kingdom of Kush was established circa 1070 BCE. The first cultures arose in Sudan before the time of a unified Egypt. The earliest signs of which show a continuity in developing Nile valley cultures comes from the Khartoum Neolithic, where we see the beginnings of food production in the region. As these centers evolved, local societies began to amalgamate into confederations, depending on different strategies distinct from earlier semi-nomadic lifestyles. One such polity, called the "A-group" emerged in lower Sudan around 3800 BCE, and were contemporaneous with the pre-dynastic Naqada people of upper Egypt, sharing an almost identical culture. After the demise of the A-group, archaeological evidence attesting to permanent settlements is scant. The culture called the "C-group", who foun
- The Kingdom of Kush or Kush was an antiquated African kingdom arranged on the conjunctions of the Blue Nile, White Nile and River Atbara in what is presently the Republic of Sudan. Set up after the Bronze Age breakdown and the crumbling of the New Kingdom of Egypt, it was focused at Napata in its initial stage. In the wake of King Kashta ("the Kushite") attacked Egypt in the eighth century BC, the Kushite lords ruled as pharaohs of the Twenty-fifth line of Egypt for a century, until they were removed by Psamtik I in 656 BC.
- Mentuhotep II, the founder of the Middle Kingdom, is recorded to have undertaken campaigns against Kush in the 29th and 31st years of his reign; this is the earliest Egyptian reference to Kush. During the New Kingdom of Egypt, Nubia (Kush) was an Egyptian colony, from the 16th century BC governed by an Egyptian Viceroy of Kush. When the New Kingdom collapsed around 1070 BC, Kush became an independent kingdom with its capital at Napata in modern Sudan. In 945 BC, Sheshonq I and Libyan princes took control of the Ancient Egyptian delta and founded the so-called Libyan or Bubastite dynasty, which would rule for some 200 years. Sheshonq also gained control of southern Egypt by placing his family members in important priestly positions. In 711 BC, Sheshonq made Memphis his northern capital. How
|
| abstract
| - Mentuhotep II, the founder of the Middle Kingdom, is recorded to have undertaken campaigns against Kush in the 29th and 31st years of his reign; this is the earliest Egyptian reference to Kush. During the New Kingdom of Egypt, Nubia (Kush) was an Egyptian colony, from the 16th century BC governed by an Egyptian Viceroy of Kush. When the New Kingdom collapsed around 1070 BC, Kush became an independent kingdom with its capital at Napata in modern Sudan. In 945 BC, Sheshonq I and Libyan princes took control of the Ancient Egyptian delta and founded the so-called Libyan or Bubastite dynasty, which would rule for some 200 years. Sheshonq also gained control of southern Egypt by placing his family members in important priestly positions. In 711 BC, Sheshonq made Memphis his northern capital. However, Libyan control began to erode as a rival dynasty in the delta arose in Leonotopolis and Kushites threatened from the south. Around 727 BC, the Kushite king Piye invaded Egypt, seizing control of Thebes and eventually the delta. The Twenty-fifth dynasty was born; the dynasty continued until 671 BC, when it was toppled by the Neo Assyrian Empire. In the 1st century BC, Kush went to war with Roman Egypt. After the initial victories of Kandake ( "or Candace") Amanirenas, the Kushites were defeated and Napata was sacked. But the Kushites were not entirely defeated; three years later, in 22 BC, a large Kushite moved northward to attack the Romans. At some point during the battle, the Kushites sent ambassadors to negotiate a peace settlement with the Roman prefect of Egypt, Gaius Petronius. The Kushites succeeded in negotiating a peace treaty and trade between Egypt and Nubia increased. It is possible that the Roman emperor Nero planned to conquer Kush before his death in 68 BC. By the 1st or 2nd century AD, Kush began to fade as a power because of its war with Roman Egypt and the decline of its traditional industries. Christianity began to gain over the old phaoronic religion and by the mid-sixth century AD the Kingdom of Kush was dissolved.
- The Kingdom of Kush or Kush was an antiquated African kingdom arranged on the conjunctions of the Blue Nile, White Nile and River Atbara in what is presently the Republic of Sudan. Set up after the Bronze Age breakdown and the crumbling of the New Kingdom of Egypt, it was focused at Napata in its initial stage. In the wake of King Kashta ("the Kushite") attacked Egypt in the eighth century BC, the Kushite lords ruled as pharaohs of the Twenty-fifth line of Egypt for a century, until they were removed by Psamtik I in 656 BC. Amid Classical artifact, the Kushite supreme capital was at Meroe. In ahead of schedule Greek topography, the Meroitic kingdom was known as Ethiopia. The Kushite kingdom with its capital at Meroe continued until the fourth century AD, when it debilitated and broke down because of inner defiance. By the first century AD, the Kushite capital had been caught by the Beja Dynasty, who attempted to restore the realm. The Kushite capital was inevitably caught and blazed to the ground by the Kingdom of Axum.
- The Kingdom of Kush was established circa 1070 BCE. The first cultures arose in Sudan before the time of a unified Egypt. The earliest signs of which show a continuity in developing Nile valley cultures comes from the Khartoum Neolithic, where we see the beginnings of food production in the region. As these centers evolved, local societies began to amalgamate into confederations, depending on different strategies distinct from earlier semi-nomadic lifestyles. One such polity, called the "A-group" emerged in lower Sudan around 3800 BCE, and were contemporaneous with the pre-dynastic Naqada people of upper Egypt, sharing an almost identical culture. After the demise of the A-group, archaeological evidence attesting to permanent settlements is scant. The culture called the "C-group", who founded the Kingdom of Kush began to appear consistently in Egyptian accounts and the archaeological record. It is through Egyptian, Hebrew, and Greco-Roman records that most of our knowledge of Kush comes. The Egyptians took control of Kush in ca. 1520 BCE, but their grip on the area would decline over the next five hundred years, until the Kushites became independent. The Kushites buried their monarchs along with all their courtiers in mass graves. Archaeologists refer to these practices as the "Pan-grave culture". The Kushites also built burial mounds and pyramids, and shared some of the same gods worshiped in Egypt, especially Amun and Isis. Curiously, during Egypt's expansion into Kushite territory during the New Kingdom, upon discovering the site at Gebel-Barkal the Egyptians believed they had found the remnants of an ancient Egyptian kingship and culture as well as the origin of Amun and the Hedjet (or "white crown").
|
![[RDF Data]](/fct/images/sw-rdf-blue.png)