About: Parivara

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Parivara (Pali for "accessory") is the third and last book of the Theravadin Vinaya Pitaka. It includes a summary and multiple analyses of the various rules identified in the Vinaya Pitaka's first two books, the Suttavibhanga and the Khandhaka, primarily for didactic purposes. As it includes a long list of teachers in Ceylon, even those who are considered to be followers of Classical Theravada recognize that, at least in its present form, it is of late date. Scholars give it a late date, some suggesting it may be even later than the Fourth Council in Ceylon in the last century BCE, at which the Pali Canon was written down from oral tradition.

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rdfs:label	Parivara
rdfs:comment	Parivara (Pali for "accessory") is the third and last book of the Theravadin Vinaya Pitaka. It includes a summary and multiple analyses of the various rules identified in the Vinaya Pitaka's first two books, the Suttavibhanga and the Khandhaka, primarily for didactic purposes. As it includes a long list of teachers in Ceylon, even those who are considered to be followers of Classical Theravada recognize that, at least in its present form, it is of late date. Scholars give it a late date, some suggesting it may be even later than the Fourth Council in Ceylon in the last century BCE, at which the Pali Canon was written down from oral tradition.
sameAs	dbr:Parivara
dcterms:subject	Pali terms Pali Canon
abstract	Parivara (Pali for "accessory") is the third and last book of the Theravadin Vinaya Pitaka. It includes a summary and multiple analyses of the various rules identified in the Vinaya Pitaka's first two books, the Suttavibhanga and the Khandhaka, primarily for didactic purposes. As it includes a long list of teachers in Ceylon, even those who are considered to be followers of Classical Theravada recognize that, at least in its present form, it is of late date. Scholars give it a late date, some suggesting it may be even later than the Fourth Council in Ceylon in the last century BCE, at which the Pali Canon was written down from oral tradition. Translation: The Book of the Discipline, tr I. B. Horner, volume VI, 1966, Pali Text Society, Lancaster The book is in 19 chapters: 1. * catechisms on the rules of the monks' Patimokkha 2. * similar on the nuns' rules 3. * verse summary of origins; an action can be originated by body and/or speech, in each of the three cases with oir without intention, making six origins in all; this chapter goes through all the Patimokkha rules for monks and nuns, saying which of these six are possible 4. * in two parts: 5. 1. * repetitions on types of legal case involved in offences 6. 2. * which rules for settling disputes are to be applied to legal cases 7. * questions on Khandhaka 8. * lists arranged numerically (cf. Anguttara Nikaya) 9. * in two parts: 10. 1. * beginning the recitation of the Patimokkha 11. 2. * exposition of reasons for rules 12. * collection of stanzas 13. * on legal cases 14. * additional collection of stanzas (mainly on reproving) 15. * on reproving 16. * lesser collection on disputes 17. * greater collection on disputes 18. * kathina: the process of making up robes 19. * Upali asks the Buddha questions, the answers being lists of five 20. * another chapter on origins 21. * second (sic) collection of stanzas 22. * "sweat-inducing stanzas": a collection of riddles (answers not given here); perhaps intended as 2exam questions" 23. * in five parts: 24. 1. * formal acts of the sangha 25. 2. * reasons for rules 26. 3. * laying down of rules 27. 4. * what was laid down 28. 5. * nine classifications

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