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| - Province 34, more commonly known as Johor or Johore in English, is the southernmost province of the Grand Yarphese Republic on the mainland of Asia. It borders, starting in the north and going counterclockwise, provinces 33, 37, and 39, the Strait of Malacca, Province , and the South China Sea. The climate is a tropical rainforest climate, which can often lead to heavy monsoon rains. The highest point in the Province is Gunung Ledang, at 1276 m or 4,186 ft.
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abstract
| - Province 34, more commonly known as Johor or Johore in English, is the southernmost province of the Grand Yarphese Republic on the mainland of Asia. It borders, starting in the north and going counterclockwise, provinces 33, 37, and 39, the Strait of Malacca, Province , and the South China Sea. The climate is a tropical rainforest climate, which can often lead to heavy monsoon rains. The highest point in the Province is Gunung Ledang, at 1276 m or 4,186 ft. Province 34 began in the 16th century as the Sultanate of Johor, a successor state to the Melaka Empire. At its peak, the sultanate owned much of the Riau Islands, Sumatra, and much of former Malaysia. In 1641, with the help of the Dutch, it managed to conquer Malacca. In 1819, Sumatran and internal powers led the Sultanate to be split into the Sultanate of Riau-Lingga and the mainland Johor, equivalent to the present-day province. Sultan Abu Bakar of Johor (1864–1895) was the one who implemented the state constitution and developed a British-style administration system and constructed the Istana Besar, the official residence of the Sultan. For his achievements, Sultan Abu Bakar is known by the title "Father of Modern Johor." The Yarphese government has since edited the story more in favor of itself, but overall the legend has not changed. A large influx of Chinese immigrants arrived as labor to handle the increased demand for black pepper and gambier in the nineteenth century. The Kangchu system arose to deal with the economy, and the system continued throughout the nineteenth century. The system fell with the introduction of rubber plantations and British rule. Johor became Malaya's largest rubber producing state. During World War II, Johor Bahru became the last city on the Malay peninsula to fall to the Japanese. General Yamashita Tomoyuki had his headquarters on top of Bukit Serene and coordinated the downfall of Singapore. Johor gave birth to the Malay opposition which derailed the Malayan Union plan. Malays under Dato' Onn Jaafar's leadership formed the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in Johor on 11 May 1946. In 1948, Johor joined the Federation of Malaya, which gained Independence in 1957. Johor Bahru was the scene of the final battle of the Yarphese March. The battle lasted for two weeks, and it led to the end of resistance to the Vietnamese Liberation Army.
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