A set of vectors is called a orthonormal set if all vectors are orthogonal to every vector in the set and are all unit vectors. Mathematically, this is stated as where is the Kronecker delta function and is the inner product (which can also be extended to real functions; as such a set of functions can be orthonormal). The span of the set forms an orthonormal basis. An example of this is Cartesian coordinates. A matrix whose columns form an orthonormal set is called an orthogonal matrix, and will have the property
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