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| - The region now known as Assiniboia was formerly land held by the Hudson's Bay Company called Rupert's Land, populated overwhelmingly by Indian tribes with only a handful of European settlers in isolated outposts. The first major European settlement was sent by Lord Selkirk, a small colony of about 200 Scottish settlers that set up near the Hudson's Bay Company outpost of Fort Garry, which is where the city of Winnipeg eventually grew from. In 1869 Rupert's land was conceded to the recently established Dominion of Canada, and was named the Northwest Territory. However, the establishment of the Province of Manitoba, centered on Fort Garry, angered the native and Metis (descendants of European Fur trappers and Indian women they married), and, under the leadership of Louis Riel, the rebelled.
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| abstract
| - The region now known as Assiniboia was formerly land held by the Hudson's Bay Company called Rupert's Land, populated overwhelmingly by Indian tribes with only a handful of European settlers in isolated outposts. The first major European settlement was sent by Lord Selkirk, a small colony of about 200 Scottish settlers that set up near the Hudson's Bay Company outpost of Fort Garry, which is where the city of Winnipeg eventually grew from. In 1869 Rupert's land was conceded to the recently established Dominion of Canada, and was named the Northwest Territory. However, the establishment of the Province of Manitoba, centered on Fort Garry, angered the native and Metis (descendants of European Fur trappers and Indian women they married), and, under the leadership of Louis Riel, the rebelled. The Red River Rebellion, and the killing of Ontarian Thomas Scott forced Canada to send forces to crush the uprising, and forced Riel into exile, though he attempted once again to lead the Northwest Rebellion in what was Saskatchewan for native rights, but was captured, tried, and hung. He is considered the founder of Manitoba, though English Canadian's considered him a traitor. From the establishment of Manitoba, and the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railroad through the province, lead to a massive increase in population, and the establishment of agriculture as the primary industry. Over 18,000 Manitoban men fought in First World War, and 14 Victoria Crosses were awarded to Manitobans. After the war, the fear of communism lead to the brutal suppression of the 1919 Winnipeg General Strike, notable for a Royal Northwest Mounted Police charge into the strikers, which resulted in serious injuries and one death. The strike leaders were charged with seditious conspiracy, illegal combinations, and seditious libel; four were aliens who were deported under the Canadian Immigration Act. The Great Depression struck Manitoba especially hard, throwing thousands out of work and the drop in wheat prices, coupled with conditions known as the "Dust Bowl" led to an increase of economic diversification away from wheat and grain production. The Second World War helped lift the province out of the Depression, and was one of the main centers for the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan, which trained thousands of airmen. Winnipeg and other smaller towns in Manitoba was also home to a simulated Nazi Invasion, called "If Day", which was organized to sell Victory Bonds, and the event raised over $65 million. After the war, the province's economy boomed, as oil was found in the Virden area, as well as mining in the Thompson area grew in importance. The city of Winnipeg was inundated in the Flood of 1950, which forced a partial evacuation of the city, and the calls by Primer Duff Roblin to construct a massive floodway to protect the city, and it was finished in 1968. Before Doomsday, the province was booming, and was home to over one million people, 600,000 of whom lived in Winnipeg and the surrounding area. Winnipeg was a major thoroughfare for the Canadian Pacific and Canadian National Railways, and Winnipeg International was a major hub, with destinations throughout Canada and the US being offered. The port of Churchill on Hudson Bay is the only seaport in the Prairie provinces, and the major shipping point to Europe of Canadian grain.
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