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| - Vertebrae (singular: vertebra) are the individual irregular bones that make up the vertebral column (aka spine) — a flexuous and flexible column. There are normally thirty-three (33) vertebrae in humans, including the five that are fused to form the sacrum (the others are separated by intervertebral discs) and the four coccygeal bones which form the tailbone. The upper three regions comprise the remaining 24, and are grouped under the names cervical (7 vertebrae), thoracic (12 vertebrae) and lumbar (5 vertebrae), according to the regions they occupy. This number is sometimes increased by an additional vertebra in one region, or it may be diminished in one region, the deficiency often being supplied by an additional vertebra in another. The number of cervical vertebrae is, however, very rar
- The vertebrae are a series of twenty-four hollow roughly cubical bones that form the spine and protect the spinal cord. They are stacked one on top of another and reach from the skull to the pelvis. They are separated by cartilaginous discs which allow the spine to be flexible and cushion any compression in the spinal column, particularly when humans stand upright.
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| abstract
| - Vertebrae (singular: vertebra) are the individual irregular bones that make up the vertebral column (aka spine) — a flexuous and flexible column. There are normally thirty-three (33) vertebrae in humans, including the five that are fused to form the sacrum (the others are separated by intervertebral discs) and the four coccygeal bones which form the tailbone. The upper three regions comprise the remaining 24, and are grouped under the names cervical (7 vertebrae), thoracic (12 vertebrae) and lumbar (5 vertebrae), according to the regions they occupy. This number is sometimes increased by an additional vertebra in one region, or it may be diminished in one region, the deficiency often being supplied by an additional vertebra in another. The number of cervical vertebrae is, however, very rarely increased or diminished. With the exception of the first and second cervical, the true or movable vertebrae (the upper three regions) present certain common characteristics which are best studied by examining one from the middle of the thoracic region.
- The vertebrae are a series of twenty-four hollow roughly cubical bones that form the spine and protect the spinal cord. They are stacked one on top of another and reach from the skull to the pelvis. They are separated by cartilaginous discs which allow the spine to be flexible and cushion any compression in the spinal column, particularly when humans stand upright. All mammals have twenty-four vertebrae. In humans, they are of more or less identical size and shape, although those towards the head are smaller. However, in other mammals, vertebrae can be of surprisingly different construction. For example, the giraffe has exactly the same number of vertebrae in the neck as humans do. In animals with a tail, the tail is usually made up of one extended vertebrae, which is the vestigal tailbone or coccyx in humans. When performing a lumbar puncture, the physician must find a space between the vertebrae in order to insert the needle. This must also be done while avoiding the spinal cord. As a result, the site for the puncture is usually in the upper back.
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