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Ichthyornis (meaning "fish bird", after its fish-like vertebrae) was a genus of toothed seabird-like ornithuran from the late Cretaceous period of North America. Its fossil remains are known from the chalks of Alberta, Alabama, Kansas, New Mexico, Saskatchewan, and Texas, in strata that were laid down in the Western Interior Seaway during the Turonian through Campanian ages, about 95-83.5 million years ago. Ichthyornis is a common component of the Niobrara Formation fauna, and numerous specimens have been found.

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  • Ichthyornis
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  • Ichthyornis (meaning "fish bird", after its fish-like vertebrae) was a genus of toothed seabird-like ornithuran from the late Cretaceous period of North America. Its fossil remains are known from the chalks of Alberta, Alabama, Kansas, New Mexico, Saskatchewan, and Texas, in strata that were laid down in the Western Interior Seaway during the Turonian through Campanian ages, about 95-83.5 million years ago. Ichthyornis is a common component of the Niobrara Formation fauna, and numerous specimens have been found.
  • Ichthyornis (meaning fish bird, named after its fish-like vertebrae) was a bird from the Cretacous Period. Its fossils have been found in parts of Canada and the United States. Ichthyornis lived mainly in the seashores of the Western Seaway. Its diet mainly consisted of fish, small animals, and carcasses. It was a toothed bird, having small sharp teeth lined in its jaws. Ichthyornis had a similar echological role to modern day, gulls, petrels, and skimmers. Ichthyornis was around 24 centimetres long with a skeletal wingspan of about 43 centimetres.
  • Ichthyornis is a genus of extinct seabird that lived during the Late Cretaceous of North America. Its fossil remains are known from the (Turonian-Middle Campanian, 93.5-75 Ma) chalks of Alberta, Alabama, Kansas, New Mexico, Saskatchewan, and Texas, in strata that were laid down in the Western Interior Seaway; some fossils from other locations like Argentina and Central Asia are sometimes referred to this taxon. It is thought that Ichthyornis was the Cretaceous ecological equivalent of modern seabirds such as gulls, petrels, and skimmers. At 60 cm (2 ft), it was the size of a gull.
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  • See text.
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  • Synonyms
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  • (Marsh, 1872)
  • Ichthyornis
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  • Genus
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  • (Marsh, 1872)
  • * I. dispar
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Name
  • Ichthyornis
Caption
  • Ichthyornis dispar
fossil range
  • Late Cretaceous, 93.5-75 Ma
abstract
  • Ichthyornis is a genus of extinct seabird that lived during the Late Cretaceous of North America. Its fossil remains are known from the (Turonian-Middle Campanian, 93.5-75 Ma) chalks of Alberta, Alabama, Kansas, New Mexico, Saskatchewan, and Texas, in strata that were laid down in the Western Interior Seaway; some fossils from other locations like Argentina and Central Asia are sometimes referred to this taxon. It is thought that Ichthyornis was the Cretaceous ecological equivalent of modern seabirds such as gulls, petrels, and skimmers. At 60 cm (2 ft), it was the size of a gull. Although the wings and breastbone are very modern in appearance (suggesting strong flight ability and placing it with modern birds in the Carinatae), the jaws had numerous small, sharp teeth. Unlike earlier birds such as Enantiornithes, it appears to have matured to adulthood in a rather short, continuous process. Ichthyornis was first discovered in 1870, by Benjamin Franklin Mudge. Othniel Charles Marsh's 1880 monograph on "Odontornithes" remains the most important general reference on this animal. The fossil material is known to contain bones of immature individuals. It has not been thoroughly analyzed according to ontogenetical size differences, as destruction of the fossils would be necessary.
  • Ichthyornis (meaning "fish bird", after its fish-like vertebrae) was a genus of toothed seabird-like ornithuran from the late Cretaceous period of North America. Its fossil remains are known from the chalks of Alberta, Alabama, Kansas, New Mexico, Saskatchewan, and Texas, in strata that were laid down in the Western Interior Seaway during the Turonian through Campanian ages, about 95-83.5 million years ago. Ichthyornis is a common component of the Niobrara Formation fauna, and numerous specimens have been found.
  • Ichthyornis (meaning fish bird, named after its fish-like vertebrae) was a bird from the Cretacous Period. Its fossils have been found in parts of Canada and the United States. Ichthyornis lived mainly in the seashores of the Western Seaway. Its diet mainly consisted of fish, small animals, and carcasses. It was a toothed bird, having small sharp teeth lined in its jaws. Ichthyornis had a similar echological role to modern day, gulls, petrels, and skimmers. Ichthyornis was around 24 centimetres long with a skeletal wingspan of about 43 centimetres.
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