During the time of the Second Paris Debate, a civil war in Vietnam was beginning and already reached global status. The Communist North Vietnamese battled against the pro-democracy South Vietnamese. After preparing for a invasion of the Soviet Union, US President Dwight Eisenhower made many calls to NATO and SEATO leaders reminding them of the scare of the Communist Dominio effect. He persuaded them to call of the attacks and begin a NATO-led invasion of North Vietnam.