The Immelmann turn was an aerial maneuver. In Starfleet Academy, the turn was a demonstration of piloting prowess by cadets. A flight team of cadets would begin with the diamond slot formation, then perfom this turn. (TNG: "The First Duty" ) The shrunken USS Rubicon performed a perfect Immelmann turn in 2374 when the runabout approached Worf in the USS Defiant's main engineering. (DS9: "One Little Ship") The turn, which was not named in "The First Duty", was identified in the Star Trek Encyclopedia (4th ed., vol. 1, p. 360) . It was named after the 20th century Earth pilot Max Immelmann.