The Second U.S. Colored Light Artillery was a Union regiment of the American Civil War. As its name suggests, the Second was a unit made up of black soldiers, most of whom had been slaves prior to joining up. The Second was organized from several batteries throughout the spring of 1864. In April, 1864, the Second, along with the Sixth U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery, both under the overall command of Major Lionel F. Booth, were dispatched to reinforce Fort Pillow.