Corydoras osteocarus is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the Corydoradinae sub-family of the Callichthyidae family. It originates in South America, and is found in the Orinoco River basin in Venezuela and coastal rivers in Suriname. It was originally described by J.E. Böhlke in 1951. In the system of "C-Numbers" developed by the German fishkeeping magazine DATZ to identify undescribed species of Corydoras in the aquarium hobby, this fish had been assigned number "C60" until it was correctly identified.