The 43rd Infantry Regiment () was a French infantry regiment. It was created on 13 March 1638 under the Ancien Régime under the name Régiment des vaisseaux, as one of many regiments created to serve on board naval ships and in the colonies - all such regiments were, in 1791, given a number in the line-infantry order of battle, meaning that they could be considered historically as the "ancestors" of the naval infantry regiments (see 107th Infantry Regiment (France)). The 43rd fought with distinction at and .