In Neocene of South America armadilloes had taken a significant place in fauna. They successfully compete to rodents, and one species became . Among Neocene armadilloes one species which conducts practically completely underground way of life had evolved. This small animal is named digging armadillo. Digging armadillo is deeply adapted to a underground habit of life. The body of animal is about 25 cm long. It has almost cylindrical shape and is covered with strong armour. In the middle of trunk the armour of animal forms five belts connected by elastic skin. These belts allow digging armadillo to turn off in ball and to turn round in its own tunnels. Tail of this animal is short and wide in the basis and has triangular outlines. Edges of corneous belts of tail form thick strong prickles. R