The Cyber Security Operations Centre (CSOC) was established in the Defense Signals Directorate (DSD) as an initiative of the Australian Government's Defence White Paper to mitigate the cyber threat to Australia's national security. CSOC has two main roles: * to provide government with a better understanding of sophisticated cyber threats against Australian interests * to coordinate and assist operational responses to cyber events of national importance across government and systems of national importance. CSOC operations also complement DSD's other information security activities.