Scarface (also known as Scarface: The Shame of the Nation and The Shame of a Nation) is a 1932 American gangster film starring Paul Muni, produced by Howard Hughes and Howard Hawks, directed by Hawks and Richard Rosson, and based on the 1929 eponymous novel by Armitage Trail. The film also features Ann Dvorak, Karen Morley, Osgood Perkins, Boris Karloff. One of a number of pre-Code crime films, the film centers on gang warfare and police intervention when rival gangs fight over control of a city. This film was the basis for the Brian De Palma 1983 film of the same name starring Al Pacino.