The 156th Infantry Division Vicenza was an infantry division of the Italian Army during World War II. The Vicenza was formed in January 1942 as a garrison division. It was then sent to the Eastern front, as part of the Italian Army in Russia to act as a reserve, behind the front on "line of communications", rear area security and anti-partisan duties. Then in July 1942, it was sent into the front line and was overrun and destroyed in a Soviet offensive.