Śīla (Sanskrit) or sīla (Pāli) is usually rendered into English as "virtue"; other translations include "good conduct," "morality" "moral discipline." and "precept." It is an action that is an intentional effort. It is one of the three practices (sīla, samadhi, and paññā) and the second pāramitā. It refers to moral purity of thought, word, and deed. The four conditions of śīla are chastity, calmness, quiet, and extinguishment, that is, no longer being susceptible to perturbation by passionate emotions and desires.