Sexual abstinence is the practice of refraining from some or all aspects of sexual activity. Common reasons for practicing sexual abstinence include: * religious or philosophical reasons * material reasons (to prevent conception - undesired pregnancy - or sexually transmitted disease transmission); * psycho-sociological reasons (e.g., clinical depression, social anxiety disorder, increasing testosterone in males, or negative past experiences); or, * legal injunctions requiring conformity. * circumstantial reasons such as incarceration or geographical isolation. * to focus on other matters - sublimation * inability to find a suitable sexual partner - involuntary celibacy * poor health - medical celibacy