Cardinal Francis Joseph Spellman (Whitman, Massachusetts, 1889 - New York, 1967) was ordained in 1916 as a Roman Catholic priest. He was archbishop of New York from 1939 to 1967. In 1946 Pope Pius XII elevated him to the College of Cardinals. He was the most powerful and influential leader of the Catholic hierarchy in the United States. Pray as if everything depended upon God and work as if everything depended upon man. Spellman had a militant opposition to birth control, pornography and communism. File:Spellman at Vietnam 1966.jpg