The Kingdom of Wales gained its independence during the 1st War of Independence against England (1400-1408). The war is called the Glyndwr Rebellion in England. Under the Treaty of London Henry IV recognised Welsh independence, under the of the English Crown and the Welsh borders were extended up the the banks of the River Severn for most of its length and then in a line along the Cheshire-Welsh border from Shrewsbury north. The realm recognised by Henry was a Principality, with Owain ruling as Owain IV, Prince of Wales, and the treaty bound both Owain and Wales to the English cause in Europe, even though during the war Wales had been allied to both France and the Avignon Papacy. This in part was the doing of the French king who brokered the Treaty along with the Welsh ambassadors, Gruffyd