Philip Meadows Martineau (17 February 1831 - 24 January 1911) was a barrister, sugar refiner and local politician. The second son of Charles and Elizabeth Mary Martineau, he was born in Tulse Hill, Lambeth. He studied law at the Middle Temple. Although he was called to the bar in 1854, he did not practice and devoted himself to business interests at the family firm of David Martineau & Sons, Sugar Refiners of St George in the East. He did however act as justice of the peace for the County of London and Middlesex, and for 12 years was chairman of the Tower Hamlets Division of Justices. In 1861 he married Fanny Dowson of Great Yarmouth.